These pages are still under reconstruction; material that is here is from the Fall 2005 semester. Significant changes are being incorporated by the end of the first week of classes. They will also include some of your suggestions. Please feel free to email me,

mara.alagic@wichita.edu

 

 

Course Philosophy:
Reconstructing Mathematics Understanding

Let's suppose that as elementary teachers we need to know as much of mathematical content as a solid high school student. We do not have to be able to teach high school students, but being able to read high school mathematics should be one of our goals. That way we will know what we are preparing our students for and what steps they will need to take from a kindergarten's AB pattern to understanding, for example, the difference between linear and exponential growth.

Quality and depth of our learning depends on our ability to think about our own thinking and learning; to foster our own metacognitive reflection. Are you aware of some strategies that promote metacognition?

As teachers we want to be independent life long learners. That involves a collection of skills that are often named as autonomous learning skills. What might these skills be?

This class is about learning mathematics for understanding in an environment that nurtures development of autonomous learning skills and promotes metacognition.

What is your challenge/concern after reading this? What are possible misconceptions surfacing from this philosophy? Think about it. Talk with your colleagues about it. Email me. Let’s discuss it in class.

 

Wichita State University 

CI 319 Mathematics Investigations

Instructor: Dr. Mara Alagic

 

Spring 2005

 

Faculty Member: Dr. Mara Alagic         

Office: 205 Corbin Education Center               

Office Hours: Tuesday & Wednesday 4:30 – 5 :30; other times by appointment           

Telephone:  (316) 978-6974  

E-mail Address:  mara.alagic@wichita.edu

Department: Curriculum and Instruction

Note: Weather Cancellations – Call 978-6633 (select 2) to obtain information on weather related class cancellations.

Course Title: Mathematical Investigations (2 credit hours)

Catalog Description: This course is founded on National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (nctm.org) principles and standards for school mathematics. It will model an investigative problem-based approach to mathematics focusing on process standards: problem solving, reasoning and proof, communication, connections and multiple representations. Students should gain an active understanding of problem-posing and problem-solving in mathematics, as well as a familiarity with heuristics for problem-solving. Course will also utilize appropriate technology-based cognitive tools.

Prerequisites: MATH 501 Mathematics for Elementary teachers

 Major Topics:

Mathematical Processes:

Cognitive science: How people learn mathematics?

What is mathematical understanding? What’s THE right way to teach mathematics? Doesn’t every mathematics classroom look the same? How can I assess and evaluate my students’ learning? How can I effectively use technology within my mathematics program? How can I add breadth, depth, and dimension to my students’ mathematical learning?

 

Technology Expectations:  CORE 2 students will be able to

 

Learner Outcomes

 

Related Assessment

KSDE Elementary Education Standards

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) standards

Conceptual Framework Connections

(Guiding Principles)

 

 

 

 

 

The student demonstrates the ability to use effective, developmentally appropriate instructional strategies to help all k-6 students learn and use their mathematical skills in many different situations and applications to solve real life problems.

Digital file/resource

S2-P3

Teaching Principle;

Technology Principle

HDD

The student knows a variety of developmentally appropriate assessment tools that align with curriculum and instruction.

Digital file/resource

S2-K4

Assessment Principle

HDD
CTA

The student uses diverse and developmentally appropriate assessments that align with curriculum and instruction.

Digital file/resource

S2-P4

Equity Principle

HDD
CTA

The student knows and understands the mathematical concepts of number sense, number systems and their properties, computation, geometric figures and their properties, transformational geometry, measurement, data analysis, data representations, probability, patterns, functions, and representations of algebraic and geometric situations/solutions.

Digital file/resource

S2-K1

Content standards: Number sense and operations, Algebra, Geometry, Measurement, Data analysis and probability

CKS

T

The student understands the five process standards (problem solving, reasoning and proof, communication, connections and representations).

Digital file/resource

S2-K2

Process standards

CKS

T

Appropriate to k-6 students' age and development, the student can use and apply, demonstrate, and teach the concepts of number sense, number systems and their properties, computation, geometric figures and their properties, transformational geometry, measurement, data analysis, data representations, probability, patterns, functions, representations of algebraic and geometric situations/solutions.

Digital file/resource

S2-P3

Curriculum Principle

HDD

CKS

T

The student integrates the five process standards (problem solving, reasoning and proof, communication, connections and representations) into math instruction.

Digital file/resource

S2-P4

Curriculum Principle

HDD
CKS
T

 Required Readings

  1. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.(2000). Principles and Standards for School Mathematics. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. Reston, VA  (also available online at http://standards.nctm.org/document/index.htm

Recommended Readings

  1. Math 501 textbook (any version)

  2. National Research Council (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and school. Washington, DC: National Academy Press. 

  3. Daniels, H. & Bizar, M. (1998). Methods that matter: Six structures for best practice classrooms. York, ME: Stenhouse.

 

ASSESSMENTS
Assignments Assessment tool & points Due dates Points
Class participation  (required readings are also scheduled within the calendar) check list;
15 days x 10 
ongoing 150 points
Reflections
(Bb - reflective pods)
check list;
15 weeks x 10
weekly - due by Sunday midnight (each Pod has to decide how much time they will provide for a person summarizing) 150 points 
Self Evaluations (include your grades - spreadsheet) check list;
2 entries x
50
February 25; April 1 100 points
Problem sets rubric;
5 entries x100
February 4; February 18; March 11; April 4; April 22 500 points 
Final Exam - presentations rubric;
1 entry x 100
Tuesday class: April 26 and May 3
Thursday class: April 28 May 5
100 points 
Completed Digital Resource File (5 problem sets and Final Exam) with corrections incorporated (to the best of your potential/time) is due at the time of your presentation.
Total possible (tentative) 1000 points

NOTE: Late work will NOT be accepted. Plan your personal due dates accordingly.

READINGS DISCUSSION

The following readings from PSSM are required. Additional recommended readings extend to the same topic within the PSSM textbook and further to the content standards. Be ready to discuss in details each of the readings. Instead of discussion an occasional quiz will be given over these readings.  

  1. January 18/20 -- Process Standards: p.52 – 67

  2. January 25/27 -- Problem Solving: p. 334 - 342

  3. February 1/3 -- Reasoning and proof: p. 342 - 348

  4. February 8/10 -- Representation: p. 360 - 364

  5. February 15/17 -- Connections: p. 354 -360

  6. February 22/24 -- Communication: p. 348 - 354

  7. (weeks 7 - 15) Each reflective pod will decide on their weekly readings and submit one paragraph long critical analysis of that reading. Every week one person, on a rotating basis, summarizes.

REFLECTIONS

You are a member of a Reflective Pod (online group on the Blackboard site for this class). Your weekly entry will consists of your reflective postings on (a) the topic assigned and (b) the readings of postings of other pod-members. Every week one person, on a rotating basis, summarizes. Read rubric carefully to better understand requirements.

Online Discussions

Emerging
3 pts

Competent
5 pts

Exemplary
10 pts

Substantive Postings

Contributes to the discussion but offers no new ideas

Contributes one idea that is original to the discussion

Contributes more than one idea that is original to the discussion

Acknowledging Ideas of Others

Recognizes the contribution of another with agree/disagree statement

Recognizes the contribution of another and provides some reason for agreement/disagreement

Recognizes the contribution of another and expands on the idea with further examples OR  uses examples to explain reason for disagreement

Supporting Ideas

 

One idea supported with an example from personal experience or from other resources

More than one idea supported with an example from personal experiences or from other resources
OR
One idea is supported with multiple examples from personal experiences and/or other resources

More than one idea supported with multiple examples from personal experiences and from other resources

Timely Contributions

Posting done but not on schedule

At least one substantive (competent level) posting completed on time

At least two substantive (competent level) postings completed on time and with separation of at least 24 hours

The rubric above is constructed to guide you in self-evaluation of your contributions to your Online Discussion Group. I hope this will encourage creative, high quality discussions related to the learning of mathematics. I hope to build a community of learners engaged in joint knowledge building through discussion. In order to build such a community it is important to include discussions about the broader context of your lives as future teachers and life-long learners. Therefore, I encourage you to broaden your discussions outside of the required reflective discussions.

You will be turning in your scores with self-evaluation. I will periodically check the scores with reference to your actual online contributions.

SELF-EVALUATION

You may choose your own format but it has to include enough detail for me to understand how you are progressing in this class; at least one paragraph long report on each of the following questions. For the full number of points, question #1 will probably require more than one paragraph - select concepts that you find most significant, and go from there...:

  1. What did I learn? Be very specific and give enough details. Think about this as being a test on what you have learned so far. Or, if you do not like tests, consider this a journal entry about the mathematics content knowledge and mathematics-specific pedagogical content knowledge (scaffolding) that you have acquired so far. Carefully select what you want to write about (2-3 concepts). Remember to support your statements.

  2. What would I like to learn/change?  be very specific. Include dispositions (both for yourself and me).

  3. The following two weeks I will focus on . . .  What can YOU do to enhance your learning related to this class? Include dispositions (both for yourself and me).

  4. What is your point-average at this moment? How do you feel about it? (Attach a spreadsheet with your grades; include self-evaluation for online reflective journaling).

THE DIGITAL RESOURCE FILE

is a collection of student’s works in digital format, focusing on problem-based learning. Completed file has to be  Technology will be used both as a presentation and integration tool. The resource file consists of the two required components: 5 Problem-sets and Final Exam Presentation.

1.  5 Problem-sets:

Each problem set  starts with an open-ended, real-life related challenging problem focusing on a big mathematical idea  (grades 8-12). The problem-set continues with additional 5-7 problems scaffolding down the main concept.

Problem sets: Grading rubric

 CI 319

Problem Designation:

Excellent

Mediocre

Acceptable

Non-acceptable

Challenge problem selection and quality of its solution
20pt

The following attributes met:  open-ended, real-life related, significant mathematical idea/concept addressed;  Each step of the solution identified and justified

At least 3 attributes met

At least 2 attribute met

Less than  2 attributes met

Scaffolding - representations leading to the main concept
20pt

Rich collection of simpler problems leading step-by-step to the challenge (5-7 problems)

A collection of a couple of simpler problems leading to the challenge

Development of representations incomplete

None of the attributes met

Quality of the solutions
20pt

All solution steps and corresponding justification details included

Some solution steps OR corresponding justification details missing Some solution steps AND corresponding justification details missing

None of the attributes met

Vocabulary
10pt

Precise connections; Concepts clearly introduced after an experience provided with a challenge problem (or other).

Connections not precisely introduced; OR Concepts introduced before activities/experiences

Connections not precisely introduced; AND Concepts introduced before activities/experiences 

None of the attributes met

ICT tools/virtual manipulatives
10pt

ICT representation appropriate for the task, interactivity clearly described

Not interactive (electronic work sheet)

Insignificant value of the ICT integration

None of the attributes met

References
5pt

Detailed references (APA style)

Basics

Incomplete

Not included

Metacognitive Reflection
15pt

Justification: What is the main quality of this set?  What did you learn in terms of (a) content (b) yourself? Transfer ideas? How are problems connected?

Justification incomplete;
Unclear possible resolutions

Justification incomplete or unclear; Obstacles not recognized; No ideas for resolutions

Not included

Essential recommendation: Support each of the statements you make with a very specific detail.

 Criteria: Each student will demonstrate an acceptable or better rating on each of the entries.

2.      Presentation (Final Exam)

Presentation  in class as part of the final exam should include

See the Presentation grading rubric (below) for further details.

 

Presentation: Grading Rubric

  Emerging
5 pts
Competent
15 pts
Exemplary
25 pts
Challenging problem Have a problem and a    solution Clearly stated challenging problem and a solution Creative, attractive presentation of a clearly stated problem and a solution
Interactivity (ICT) Powerpoint website that supports challenging problem the class is engaged in that activity during presentation (internet, GSP)
Artifact Mentioned Poster, game, manipulative, .. Engaging audience, well connected to the problem
Metacognitive reflection (all problem sets) Reflective statement - not clear metacognitive connection One well supported metacognitive reflective statement A couple of well supported metacognitive reflective statements

Certification Requirements: Both the state of Kansas and national accreditation requires that university programs for the preparation of teachers and other school personnel be performance-based. In particular, this requires that students not only pass required courses/attain certain GPAs, but also receive satisfactory ratings on certain required assessments, many of those embedded within program coursework.
One or more of those required assessments occur in this course. A title/description of any assessments and associated rubrics and passing criteria follows:

Students failing to attain a satisfactory rating on a required assessment may be provided special assistance. The university is not able, however, to recommend individuals for licensure who fail to attain a satisfactory rating on required assessments, even though they may receive an acceptable course grade or exceed minimum GPAs.

Academic Honesty: A standard of honesty, fairly applied to all students, is essential to a learning environment.  Students abridging a standard of honesty must accept the consequences; penalties are assessed by appropriate classroom instructors or other designated people.  Serious cases may result in discipline at the college or University level and may result in suspension or dismissal.  Dismissal from a college for academic dishonesty, constitutes dismissal from the University. (WSU Student Code of Conduct)

Special Needs: ADA:  If you have a physical, perceptual, psychiatric/emotional, medical, or learning disability that may impact your ability to carry out assigned course work, contact the Office of Disability Services (DS), Grace Wilkie Annex, room 173.  (Voice/TDD 978-3309).  ODS will review your concerns, confirm your disability, and determine, with you, what accommodations are necessary.  All information and documentation of your disability is confidential and will not be released by DS without your written permission.

 

  CALENDAR

February        March          April      May

January

Problem Posing and Problem Solving: What do non-routine, ill-posed mathematics projects look like?

18/20

Introductions
Course philosophy
Learning goals for this course

READINGS DISCUSSION: Process Standards: p. 52 – 67

25/27

READINGS DISCUSSION: Problem Solving: p. 334 - 342

Which one holds more? Let's sort them from "the most" to "the least" according to the amount of rice that they can hold.

A problem solving challenges:

http://matti.usu.edu/nlvm/nav/frames_asid_273_g_3_t_4.html
http://matti.usu.edu/nlvm/nav/vlibrary.html

Reflective pods:

a.     Group name

b.     Positive experiences about learning mathematics & science

c.     Summarize on a rotating basis (alphabetic order)

d.     For the next week: My favorite mathematics concept is ... because...

 

February

Multiple Representations: Open-ended, rich problems 

1/3

READINGS DISCUSSION: Reasoning and proof: p. 342 - 348

Developing VOLUME problem set

Spreadsheets mathematics; Grade book

ONLINE REFLECTION:
(1) My favorite mathematics concept is ... because...
(2) How I used Reasoning and Proof Standard in my Volume Problem Set

8/10

READINGS DISCUSSION: Representation: p. 360 - 364
Linear vs. exponential Growth

ONLINE REFLECTION: Reflect on problem solving standard in the context of designing your Volume Problem Set. Think of yourself as a learner/student and relate the process of designing to significant problem solving characteristics and strategies.

KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER:
standards <<>>problem sets
classroom work<<>>problem sets
prior knowledge<<>>problem sets

15/17

READINGS DISCUSSION:  Connections: p. 354 - 360
Estimation: Linear vs. exponential Growth - What does it really mean?
Geometer's Sketchpad: What can I do with it?

NO online reflection this week - Focusing on Problem Set 2

22/24 READINGS DISCUSSION: Communication: p. 348 - 354
Geometer's Sketchpad: Geometric transformations; Geometric properties; Ratio and proportions

Geometry Preassessment
Van Hiele's levels
Rhombus problem
HOMEWORK: Read geometry standard and geometry handout
                           One reflection for the two following weeks will be posted today (summary due March 6)
                           Go to the lab and play with Geometer sketchpad
NEXT:
self-evaluation + reflections + problem sets (one more has to be on a geometry concept including GSP as a technology tool)

March

Reasoning and Proof: Inductive and deductive reasoning; What constitutes a mathematical proof at different levels of understanding?

1/3 ONLINE CLASS:
HOMEWORK:
Read geometry standard and geometry handout
                           One reflection for the two following weeks will be posted today (summary due March 6)
                           Go to the lab and play with Geometer sketchpad

(1) There will be no in class meeting this week (March 1/3). Your assignment is to read carefully Geometry standard 3-5 (pages164-169), Geometry standard 6-8 (pages 232-239). In addition, please look over two handouts that you got in class (van Hiele’s levels and GSP preparation).

 

(2) This reflection has an extended timeline (2 weeks) to provide enough time for a rich discussion over the geometry standard. It gives you an opportunity to get both class participation and reflection points. In addition, it will be a good preparation for your problem set on a geometry concept.

 

(3) REFLECTION: Reflect carefully over your geometry standards readings. Focus on scaffolding ideas from grade 3 to grade 8.  Select from readings a concept that is appropriate for grade 3 and describe how you would scaffold it up to grade 8. Alternatively, select something from grade 8 standard and describe how you would scaffold it down to grade 3.


 

8/10 REFLECTION: Summaries DUE March 14

How can you adapt GSP activities that we did in class for K-6 grade levels. Think very broadly, at first: triangle properties, angles, segments, ... Summaries due March 14th by midnight.

15/17 Sharing time - What are you working on for your problem sets?

GSP: Triangles and their properties

22/24 SPRING BREAK
29/31 Reflection: Why do people consider studying triangles and their properties so important? When do we need that in real life? Be very specific, especially about the properties that YOU have explored with GSP.

April

Communications: Language of Mathematics

5/7  
12/14 ONLINE: Preparation for the final Exam - Discuss with your group your plan for final presentation; share draft-plans-ppt and constructively critique each other
19/21  
26/28 FINALS: Presentations

May

Connections: What might integration mean in the mathematics classroom?

3/5 FINALS: Presentations
   

 

Take time to do it right

January 2005

 

 

These pages are always under construction: I am trying to keep them up-to-date  with my activities :) Questions and/or comments are welcome!

Maintained by:  Mara Alagic
Mathematics Education
Curriculum & Instruction Department
Wichita State University
Wichita, Kansas  67260-0028